Type Localities of Utah

Type locality is a term used to denote where a mineral was first discovered. Sometimes a mineral may be discovered at one site, but not enough material is available to do the proper analysis to describe it as a new mineral. When this happens, that mineral has to wait until it is discovered somewhere else where there is enough material to be described. When this happens, both places are listed as co-type localities.   See Mcalpineite.

Listed here are minerals first discovered in Utah.

Contents included on this page:
Disclaimer
Mineral List
Alphabetical listing of Minerals with information and data.
Photos when possible
References used and credits.

DISCLAIMER

This publication, in no way, gives permission to trespass or collect without consent of the land owners or any parties involved with the land. Many of the locations listed are not accessible for collection. Check with land owners before heading to these locations.

Mineral List:

Abelsonite

Abernythite

Aluminocopiapite

Ammoniojarosite

Argentojarosite

Arseno-Bismite

Austinite

Barnesite

Beaverite

Billingsleyite

Bixbyite

Boltwoodite

Braitschite

Cannonite

Chayesite

Cobalt-Zippeite

Coconinoite

Corvusite

Crandallite

Eitelite

Englishite

Fangite

Fervanite

Frankhawthorneite

Garrelsite

Gillulyite

Goldichite

Grantsite

Gordonite

Haynesite

Jensonite

Juabite

Liesingite

Magnesium-Zippeite

Mallardite

Mcalpineite

Meta-Aluminite

Metahewetite

Metavariscite

Metazeunerite

Millisite

Montgomeryite

Neighborite

Overite

Pintadoite

Rabbittite

Rauvite

Reedmergnerite

Sodium-Zippeite

Stringhamite

Tinticite

Tooeleite

Tungstenite

Utahite

Umohoite

Uvanite

Wardite

Weeksite

unnamed from the Centiennial Eureka Mine

unnamed from the Thomas Range

unnamed from Gold Hill.

unnamed from Bingham

new from Patrick Haynes

Mineral Descriptions:

AbelsoniteNiC₃₁H₃₂N₄

 Description: Abelsonite is a crystalline nickel porphyrin mineral. It is a mineral derived from organic materials. It was found in eight cores drilled from or near the Mahogany Zone oil shale of the Green River Formation of Unitah County. It occurs as platy crystal aggregates ranging from 30 microns to 3mm in long. It was also found lining a tight vertical fracture, and was coated with an unknown black substance. Color ranges from pink-purple to dark red-brown, with a submatallic to adamantine luster. It’s hardness is less than 3. It is not fluorescent under long or short wave ultraviolet light. It is insoluble in water, hydrochloric acid, nitric acid, and in benzene and acetone.

Crystallography: Triclinic. Space Group: P-lattice. Forms in platy aggregates. {111}. (line over middle one)

Location: Abelsonite was first discovered in a core sample from the WOSCO well for the Western Oil Corporation. The well is located in quadrangle Big Pack Mt. NE. Sec 36 T 9 R 20 E. It came from the 2508.2 foot level of the well. This sample came from the Mahogany Formation. This is a subsurface analog of the kerogen-rich Mahogany Ledge of the Parachute Creek member of the Green River Formation. Once abelsonite was recognized at this location it was not hard to find it at other locations. It was found at five different wells, all within the core samples. The other wells are in a cluster about 16 miles south of the WOSCO well, but all still within or near the Mahogany Formation.

Named for and Discovered By: Abelsonite was discovered by Lawrence C. Trudell, from the Department of Energy/Laramie Research Center in 1969. It was named in honor of Philip H. Abelson, President, Carnegie Institution of Washington.

Associated Minerals: Abelsonite was found associated with orthoclase, pyrite, quartz, dolomite, analcime and an unknown K-Fe micaceous mineral.

Other Locations: This is the only known occurrence of this mineral.

References: Am. Min. 63 (1978), 930-937.

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AbernathyiteK(UO₂)(AsO₄) -4H₂O

 Description: Belongs to the Meta-autunite group. Abernathyite is a uranium arsenate that is part of the metatorbornite group. It occurs as clear to transparent yellow thick tabular blades. It occurs on sandstone. It’s luster is vitreous. I fluoresce under both long and short wave ultraviolet light, and has a pale to light yellow streak. The hardness ranges from 2 to 3. The largest crystals were only 0.5 mm on an edge.

Crystallography: Tetragonal. Space Group:P4/ncc. Class: (4/m 2/m 2/m). Abernathyite forms ditetragonal-dipyramidal tabular crystal aggregates. They are thin though usually thick. Most common form is {001} and {110}.

Location: Abernathyite was found as yellow crystals on ore from the Fuemrol mine, Temple Mountain, in Emery County. It was found as coatings on sandstone.

 Named for & Discovered By: Mr. Jess Abernathy owned and worked the mine. He noticed the small yellow crystals on the ore and gave a sample to E.B. Gross, a mineralogist for the U.S. Atomic Energy Commission, for identification. Mr. Gross did not recognize it, and pass it to A.D. Weeks and M.E. Thompson of the U.S.G.S. for identification. M.E. Thompson, Blanche Ingram, & E.B. Gross did the original write up on the mineral and named it in honor of Jess Abernathy.

Associated minerals: The type piece was not associated with any other minerals, only the sandstone it was found on. Later specimens were associated with scorodite, native arsenic, orpiment, realgar, jarosite, metazeunerite and other uranyl-arsenates.

Other occurrences: Abernathyite is found at Rivieral, Lodeve, Herault Dept. France. Also at Cave Hills, Harding County, South Dakota.

References: Am. Min. 41 (1956), 82-90. Am. Min. 49 (1964), 1578-1602.

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Aluminocopiapite(NH₄)₂Fe₆³⁺(SO₄)₄(OH)₁₂

 Description: Belongs to the Copiapite group. Aluminocopiapite occurs as efforescence of yellowish crusts or massive fracture fillings.

Specific gravity is 2.163 (calc).

Crystallography: Triclinic. Space Group: P1 (with a line over the 1). Class 1 with a line over it).

Location: Temple Rock, Emery County.

 Named For and Discovered By:

Associated Minerals:

Other Locations: Mosqiuto Fork, Forty Mile River, Alaska

References: Can. Min. 23 (1985), 53. Am. Min. 52, (1967), 1220-1223.

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Ammoniojarosite(NH₄ )Fe₃³⁺(OH)₆(SO₄)₂

 Description: Belongs to theAlunite group. Ammoniojarosite occurs as pale yellow, powdery fine grained aggregate coatings and as discrete isolated nodules on and in lignite. Some of the crystals and aggregates have hexagonal profiles.

Crystallography: Trigonal. Space Group: R3m. Class: 3m. Very little work was done on the material from Utah. Most of the work was done on specimens from Buffalo, Wyoming. It is reported that specimens from Utah and Wyoming are indistinguishable in hand samples. The crystal habit exhibited from material in Wyoming was always in rhombahedral or prismatic.

Location: The exact location for ammoniojarosite in Utah was never disclosed, because, it was thought to have economic importance. Just a general area was disclosed. Kaibab Fault, San Juan County.

 Named For & Discovered By: Ammoniojarosite is named because it’s chemically related to jarosite and it contains the [(NH₄)₂O] molecule. It was discovered by Mr. Frank Haycock of Panguitch, Utah. He refused to disclose the exact location on the basis he felt it had economic importance.

Associated minerals: In Utah ammoniojarosite is found with tschermigite and is associated with epsomite, palygorskite, and celestite. At Buffalo, Wyoming it occurs on gypsum.

Other Localities: Ammoniojarosite is reported from Wamsutter, Wyoming, Buffalo Wyoming, Lake County, California. Valachov, Czechoslovakia.

References: Dana’s System of Mineralogy, 7th ed. v. 2, p. 562-563 (1951).

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ArgentojarositeAg₂Fe₆³⁺(SO₄)₄(OH)₁₂

 Description: Belongs to the Alunite group. Argentojarosite occurs as minute, micaswous hexagonal masses. It is a mustard yellow to brown. It also occurs as coatings. Specific gravity is 3.66 (meas.) and 3.660 (calc). It is a secondary mineral that was of great importance because of the silver content.

Crystallography: Triclinic. Space Group: R3m. Class: 3m.

Location: 900’ level, Tintic Standard Mine, Tooele County.

 Named For and Discovered By: Argentojarosite is named for its close relation to jarosite and its silver content.

Associated Minerals: Anglesite, barite, and quartz,

Other Locations: Buffalo Mine, Tooele County. Also at Leadville, Colorado; Black hills, South Dakota; Treore Mine, St. Treath, Cornwall, England; Pits Mien, Grassington Moor, Yorkshire, England, and the Rio Tinto Mine, Spain.

References: Am. Mine. 58 (1973), 936. Dana’s 7th ed, v. 2, p. 565.

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Arseno-BismiteBi₂AsO₄(OH)₆

Description: Arseno-Bismite occurs as heavy yellow green to brown microscopic aggregates and friable crusts similar to limonite. Hardness is undetermined. When assay work was done on the new material it was shown to consistently produce 3 to 19 percent copper, one ounce gold, 150 ounces silver, 18 to 35 percent bismuth, per ton of ore. This made it a very good ore. this along with the fact that is was unattractive explains why there are no samples around. There is a strong probability that other bismuth-arsenates exist but were never described.

Crystallography: Cubic. No other work has been done on this subject.

Location: Arseno-Bismite was first discovered at the 600’ level of the Mammoth Mine, Tintic District, Juab County, Utah. It occurred in large quantities and was an important ore.

Named For and Discovered By: Arseno-Bismite is named for the arsenic laden bismite.

Associated With: Barite, limonite, erinite and mixite. At Tazna, Bolivia it was associated with bismutite and bindheimite.

Other Locations: Tazna, Boliva.

References: Dana’s System of Mineralogy, 7th ed. v.2, p. 907.

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AustiniteCaZnAsO₄(OH)₃

Description: Belongs to the Adelite group. Forms a series with chonichalcite. Austinite occurs as clear or whitish orthorhombic blades, or acicular sprays. Well developed and very distinct crystals are common. The crystals are elongated down the c-axis. It is found is an oxidation zone. Austinite crystals are usually not longer than 0.5mm, but reach lengths of 1mm.

Crystallography: Orthorhombic. Space Group: P2₁2₁2₁. Class: 222. Its habits are rhombic disphenoidal. The most common forms are {110}. Right and left hand crystal forms are common as positive{111} and negative {111}. Some of the crystals from the 150’ level show evidence that the were deposited from solution. The most common form is {110}.

Location: The type piece was from an unspecified location at the Gold Hill Mine, Clifton Mining District, Tooele County, Utah. It is common at the Glory Hole on the southwest side of the mine. The Glory Hole is considered to be the type location. It also comes from the 80’, 150’, 300’, levels, and the middle pit. At the 150’ level it occurs intimately with adamite.

Named For & Discovered By: Austinite is named in honor of Professor Austin F. Rogers in recognition for his valuable work in the field of mineralogy. Dr. W.R. Landwehr of Stanford University did the work on the original pieces.

Associated Minerals: Austinite is associated with adamite from the 150’ level and with talmesite at the Glory Hole. It forms on a limonitic gossan that is believed to be replacing dolomatic limestone.

Other Locations: Table Mountain, Arizona; Cleaveland, Mine, Steven County, Washington; Sterling Hill Mine, Sussex County, New Jersey; Ojuela Mine, Mapimi, Durango, Mexico; Bolivia; Tsumeb; Bou-Azzer, Morocco; Greece; and Russia.

Referneces: Dana’s System of Mineralogy, 7th ed. v.2, p. 809-810. Am Min. 56 (1971), 1359-1365.

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BarnesiteNa₂V₆O₁₆ -3H₂O

Description: Barnesite is a hydrated sodium vanadate. It was first studied in 1951. It is found I small fractures and as cavity linings in sandstone in the oxidized zone of vanadium rich uranium deposit. It forms as brilliant dark red blades that resemble a fibrous coating, and as velvety coatings that appear botryoidal. It has an adamantine luster when fresh and a slightly duller luster after a short time. It forms clusters of parallel to subparallel radiating fibers that follow the bedding planes of the sandstone. The coatings on the sandstone range from 1/4 mm to 1/2 mm. Barnesite slowly dissolves in dilute Hcl. Pleochroism is X = yellow, Y = orange-yellow, Z = red.

Crystallography: Monoclinic. Space Group: P2/m. Class: 2/m. The b axis is parallel to the length of the blades or fibers.

Location: Barnesite was discovered at the Cactus Rat group of mine, 15 miles east of Thompson, Grand County. It was found in a conglomeratic bed that belongs to the Brushy Basin Shale Member of the Morrison Formation. The mines are in the NE 1/4 of Section 33 and NW 1/4 of Section 34 of T 22 S, R 22 E. Most of these mines are bulldozer cuts that were worked in the 1950’s

Named For & Discovered By: Barnesite is named in honor of Dr. William H. Barnes, National Research Council of Canada, for his major contributions in the study of crystal structures of vanadium minerals. The first specimens were collected by B.N. Webber and L.B. Riley of the Union Mines Development Company.

Associated Minerals: Barnesite is associated with Metahewetite in that they are very similar in composition and appearance.

Other Localities:

References: Am. Min. 48 (1963), 1187-1195.

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BeaveritePb(Cu²⁺Fe³⁺Al)₆(SO₄)₄(OH)₁₂

Description: Belongs to the Alunite group. Beaverite occurs as a earthy yellow crust on high-grade copper-lead ore. It can also be friable masses of hexagonal platelets. It is a secondary mineral. Specific gravity is 4.36 (meas) and 4.31 (calc).

Crystallography: Trigonal. Class: 3m. Space Group: R3m. Microscopic hexagonal platlets.

Location: Horn Silver Mine, Beaver County.

Named For and Discovered By: Named for the county it was discovered in.

Associated Minerals: Copper-lead ores.

Other Locations:Centennial Alta Mine, Salt Lake County; Church Hills, Millard County; Hidden Treasure Mine, Tooele County, Utah. Also at the Boss Mine, Yellow Pine District, Nevada; Cochise and Pinal County, Arizona; Tsumeb, Nambia; Tui Mine, Mt.Te Aroha, New Zealand; Chile, Australia, and Japan.

References: Dana 7th ed.., v 2, p. 568.

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BillingsleyiteAg₇(Sb,As)S₆

Description: Billingsleyite occurs as fine grained, dark lead gray aggregates, with a metallic luster. Hardness is 2.5. Slightly sectile, not malleable, with a bright silvery-metallic polished surface upon crushing or scratching. In polished thin section it is homogeneous showing areas of argentite. It has a distinct metallic luster rather that the black oxidation of argentite. It was reproduced synthetically for the purpose of study.

Crystallography: No crystals were collected. All X-ray work was done on massive crystalline material. Single crystal work was done on the synthetically reproduced material. It was determined to be orthorhombic, with a pseudotetragonal nature. Space Group: C222₁. Class: 222.

Location: Billingsleyite was discovered at the North Lily Mine, East Tintic Mining District, Juab County. It was taken from the high-grade silver ore of the Ophir Shale above the 1200’ level.

Named For and Discovered By: Billingsleyite was discovered in 1927 by Paul Billingsley (1887-1962), and was named in his honor. Mr. Billingsley was a mining geologist who discovered the North Lily Mine. Only a small amount of samples were collected and they were given to the Harvard Museum for preservation were they now remain.

Associated Minerals: Billingsleyite was found in a high-grade silver deposit associated with argentite, bismuthinite, galena, and pyrite, tennentite.

Other Locations: None reported.

References: Am. Min. 53, (1968), 1791-1798.

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Bixbyite(Mn,Fe)₂O₃

Description: Bixbyite is found as shiny black cubic crystals. The are usually smaller than a 0.5 inches, but have been found just under 1 inch. This is the classic Dana location for Bixbyite. Hardness is 6 to 6.5. It fuses under the blowpipe and becomes magnetic. Dissolves slowly only after being ground into a fine powder. The crystals are almost always cubic, but can be modified cubes. The modified cubes , cubes with the corners cut off. Bixbyite has a high metallic luster. Specific gravity is 4.5 to 5.5. It usually occurs in vugs or lithophacies within the rhyolite

Crystallography: Isometric or Cubic. Space Group; Ia3. Class: 2/m3 (line over the 3). Small bixbyites have been found to have the trapezohedron (211) modification. The trapezohedrons are the result of garnets that have been dissolved and the cavities filled with bixbyite. Other habits include trisoctahedron. Commonly in the form of 211 and 111.

Location: The classic location was first reported as 35 miles southwest of Simpson Springs at the southern end of the Dugway Mountains. It was later found to be in the Thomas Range. The original location error happened because it use to be thought that the Thomas Range and the Dugway Mountains were the same range. The original location (Maynard Topaz Mine) is currently being mined for Bixbyite and topaz. Bixbyite is now found at several locations in the Thomas Range.

Named For and Discovered By: Bixbyite is was discovered in the late 1890’s. It was discovered by and named for Maynard Bixby. Maynard Bixby was a pioneer in the exploration of the Thomas Range.

Associated with: Bixbyite is found on and with topaz, and garnets in rhyolite. Occasionally it is found with a red beryl.

Other Locations: Bixbyite is found in Mexico, Africa, Spain, India, and Argentina. Also form the Wah Wah Mountains is Utah.

References: Dana’s System of Mineralogy. 7th ed. v.2, p. 550-551.

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BoltwooditeHK(UO₂)SiO₄ -1.5H₂O

Description: Boltwoodite occurs as pale yellow blebs or warts, and in radiating needle aggregates. It forms on sandstone as a secondary oxidation product of the primary ore. It is the only known uranyl silicate that contains an alkali as an essential cation. It is weakly fluorescent dull green under both long and short wave ultraviolet light. Specific gravity is 3.6. Specific gravity is 3.6. Hardness is 3.5 to 4. Boltwoodite has a pearly luster and is vitreous and silky. It can also be dull to earthy in psuedomorphs after uraninite. Crystals are transparent to translucent. Luster is pearly. Radioactive.

Crystallography: Monoclinic. Space Group: P2₁. Class: 2. The habit is the crystals are elongated along the b-axis. Idealy it forms {010}.

Location: Boltwoodite was first found at the Delta Mine, now known as the Pick’s Mine, at the western edge of the San Rafael Swell, Emery County, Utah.

Named For and Discovered By: Boltwoodite is named in honor of Bertram B. Boltwood (1870-1927), of Yale University. Bertram Boltwoods’ research provided evidence that lead was the first disintegration product of uranium. He also devised a method for measuring geologic time using lead content of uranium minerals.

Associated with: Boltwoodite is associated with brochantite, gypsum, becquerelite, and an unnamed uranyl-silicate. Often it is coated with gypsum.

Other Locations: Zaire, South Australia, Argentina, Brazil, and Colorado, Pennsylvania, California, and Scotland. At many other locations it occurs as bunt-orange in color.

References: Science, vol. 124, pg. 931, by Frondel C. and J. Ito in 1956. There’s been many papers written of boltwoodite because it is the only known uranyl silicate with an alkali cation. Am. Min. 46, 12-25, by Honea, R.M. (1961).

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Braitschite-Ce7(CaNa₂)O-RE₂O₃-11B₂O₃-7H₂O

Description: Braitschite occurs in nodules within anhydrite rock. The nodules occur between 6 inches and 3 feet from the basal part of the anhydrite bed. The anhydrite bed is overlying a sylvite-rich salt bed. The nodules occur roughly spherical. The smaller are more spherical. They range in size from 0.05 to 8 mm. Compound nodules of up to four grouped together are were noted. The nodules were pink to red due to hematite staining. Braitschite occurs in the nodules as clear to white hexagonal plates. Specific gravity is 2.9. There is question concerning how these nodules formed. There are no other rare-earth borate minerals known. There are no other rare-earth marine evaporate deposits known. This makes the study of this deposit unique. There are a few theories to the mode of deposition, however. The most accepted one is that the nodules formed as a result of a diagenetic process.

Crystallography: Trigonal. Braitschite forms within nodules as clear to white hexagonal plates. The hexagonal plates showed only the pinacoid and prism forms. The plates range from 0.1 to 70 microns in diameter. All the crystals observed were euhedral. The differences in the shape were due to different degrees of developement. The general outline observed on the pinacoid, was hexagonal to triangular. Some of the crystals showed a "lozenge" shape.

Location: Braitschite was found in core samples from 3,000 to 3,500 feet deep from the Cane Creek Potash Mine. The mine belonged to The Texas Gulf Sulfur Company, and was located about eight miles southwest of Moab (SE 1/4 sec 24, T26S, R20E), Grand County. The core samples were out of the Paradox Member, Hermosa Formation, and is Pennsylvanian in age.

Named For and Discovered By: Braitschite was named in honor of Professor Dr. Otto Braitsch of the University on Freiburg, Germany.

Associated Mineral: Braitschite is found in nodules of anhydrite. Pyrite, chalcopyrite, quartz, dolomite, anhydrite, halite, and small amounts of hematite are also found associated with Braitschite.

Other Locations:

Reference: Am. Min. 53 (1968), 1081-1095.

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CannoniteBi₂O(OH)₂SO₄

Description; Cannonite formed as an alteration product of the primary Cu-Bi-S mineral assemblage. Cannonite is colorless and transparent. The streak is white. Cannonite has a high luster. It is brittle and has a conchoidal fracture, no parting or cleavage. Cannonite shows no fluorescence. It has crystals only where it was permitted to grow in quartz cavities. It occurred as intergrown crystalline aggregates smaller than 1 mm. The crystalline aggregates are subhedral to euhedral equant or prismatic. It also occurred as irregular intergrown aggregates altering cuprobismutite and bismuthanite along the grain boundaries or cleavages. Cannonite shows weak to moderate bireflectant from gray to dark gray in reflected light. Internal reflections are colorless to white. It is also weakly anisotropic.

Crystallography; Cannonite is monoclinic. The crystals found were equant and prismatic.

Location. Cannonite was discovered at the Tunnel Extension Mine, Ohio Mining District, Marysvale, Piute County. (latitude 30 degrees 28 minutes North, longitude 112 degrees 14 minutes West). Radtke et al. (1967) gives a description of the geology and the mineralogy of the deposit.

Named For and Discovered By; Cannonite is named after Benjamin Bartlett the Fifth (1950-) who recognized that it was something uncharacteristic form the mine, and donated specimens from the mine for investigation.

Associated Minerals; Cannonite is found in and on Quartz and cuprobismutite. It is also associated with tetrahedrite, chalcopyrite, native gold, covellite, and chalcocite.

Other locations;

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ChayesiteK(Mg,Fe)₄Fe³⁺ (Si₁₂O₃₀)

Description; Chayesite occurs as deep blue, transparent, tabular, microscopic crystals in lamproite. Streak is white, with a vitreous luster. Even in thin section the crystals remained blue. It has no cleavage.

The crystals are very small , usually only 50 micrometers. Rarely were any as large as 100 micrometers. the crystals are brittle with no cleavage. Hardness and density could not be measured do to the small size of the crystals. Chayesite was found only in one lamproite specimen at the type location. Extensive research was conducted to locate more, none was ever found. Chayesite occured as a late-crystallizing mineral in the groundmasses of lamproites. It was not distributed uniformily.

Crystallography: Hexagonal. Point Group 6/m 2/m 2/m. It is tabular with {0001} as the dominant face. No twinning was ever detected. Faces are euhedral to subhedral.

Location: Chayesite was discovered in Moon Canyon, east of Francis, Summit County. It was found as a rock-forming in a lamproite.

Named For and Discovered By: Discovered by M.G. Best, of Brigham Young University, Provo, Utah. It was named for Dr. Felix Chayes, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution, Washington, D.C.

Associated Minerals: Chayesite is part of an igneous mineral assemblage. It is associated with late phase lamproite liquid. It is associated with roedderite from extraterrestrial meteorites. Chayesite is associated with K-feldspar and diopside.

Other Locations: It is suspected to be from Cancarix, Spain. It is suspected to be in a lamproite just as pure as the Moon Canyon site. It could also be found in some meteorites as it is associated with roedderite.

References: Chayesite was first repored as a new mineral in Am Min., 74, 1368-1373, by Velde, D. et al. in 1968.

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Cobalt-ZippeiteCo₂(UO₂)₆(SO₄)₃(OH)₁₀-16H₂O

Description: Belongs to the Zippeite group. Cobalt-zippeite forms a solid solution series with nickel zippeite, and maybe some other cations as well. Cobalt-zippeite occurs as extensive coatings on the mine walls, as very fine grained crystals in a petal-like aggregate. The are tan to brownish yellow. to yellow orange. It is almost impossible to distinguish the different zippeite minerals in hand samples. Fluorescent bright yellow. Hardness is 2 and specific gravity is 3.3. It was also found as warty crusts and dense to earthy aggregates.

Crystallography: Orthorhombic. Petal-like or shred-like aggregates.

Location: Happy Jack Mine, San Juan County. This area is now privately owned and collecting is forbidden. It was erroneously reported as in Emery County originally.

Named For and Discovered By: Cobalt-zippeite is named for its relation to the mineral zippeite. It was discovered by M.E. Thompson, A.W. Weeks, and A.M. Sherwood.

Associated Mineral: Sodium-zippeite, cobalt-zippeite, johannite, uraninite, uranopilite, and other uranium minerals.

Other Locations: Since the zippeite minerals are all related together they may all be found in the same area. Locations for zippeite include Canada, Colorado, Arizona, and numerous locations in Utah.

Reference: Can. Min. 14 (1976), 429-436.

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CoconinoiteFe₂Al₂(UO₂)₂(PO₄)₄₍SO₄(OH)₂-20H₂O

Description; Coconinoite forms light creamy lath-like aggregates and at one location in platy grains on sandstone. It is non-fluorescent under both longwave and shortwave. Coconinoite is soft and has a specific gravity of 2.7. It occurs in an oxidized zone of a sandstone uranium deposit. Coconinoite was discovered at other locations in Arizona, both are given credit as type locality. Utah is then a Cobalt-zippeite "type locality".

Crystallography: Orthorhombic. Coconinoite is to fine-grained for single crystal studies, however it is believed it may be monoclinic. This is suggested and supported by the extinction lines from x-ray diffraction studies.

Location: It was first discovered at the Jomac Mine, White Canyon, San Juan County.

Named For & Discovered By: Coconinoite is named for Coconino County, Arizona, where it was also discovered at the Sun Valley and Huskon Mines. It was discovered by A.F. Trites, Jr. of the U.S. Geological Survey, in 1953 when he conducted a study of the Uranium deposits in the White Canyon area of southern Utah.

Associated Minerals: Coconinoite was often found covered with gypsum. It is also associated with jarosite, limonite, petrified wood and coalized wood, clays and with uranium ores. It was found on quartz sandstone.

Other Localities: Coconinoite has been found in several mines in Arizona including the Blackwater No.4 Mine, Sun Valley Mine, and the Huskon Mine, all in Coconino County. All the locations have the same type of geological environment, a sandstone uranium type deposit.

Reference: Am. Min. 51 (1966), 651-666.

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CorvusiteV₂O₄-6V₂O₅-X H₂O

Description: Corvusite has a purplish blue-black to brown color. Luster is blue-black. It is massive, but studies of the slickensides suggests that is maybe fibrous. Hardness is 2.5 to 3. Fracture is concoidal. Specific gravity is 2.83 (determined by heavy solution). Streak is the same color as the specimen, the color difference is the blue-black to brown is due to a higher iron content in the brown specimens. Corvusite is soluble in mineral acids. Corvusite is one of the more common black minerals in the carnotite deposits of this area, yet very little was suitable for research.

Crystallography: Monoclinic. Believed it may also be orthorombic.

Location: Corvusite was first found at the Jack Claim, Grand County. The claim is about 10 miles west of Gateway, Colorado, placing it just inside Utah on the east side of the LaSal Mountains. It was first found in the McElmo Sandstone Formation, now called the Morrison Formation.

Named For and Discovered By: The word corvusite is derived from the Latin word for raven (corvus), in reference to the color similarity. The first samples were attained by R.G. Hart who owned the mine with A.L. Thompson, Mr. Hart presented the sample to Frank L. Hess of the U. S. National Museum, who performed the investigation of the new mineral.

Associated Minerals: Corvusite is associated with other black uranium and vanadium minerals in the carnotite region of Utah and Colorado. A lot of these minerals are associated organic materials, such as carbonized wood.

Other Locations: Along with the Jack Claim, corvusite samples were found at Ponto No. 3 claim of the W.L. Cummings Chemical Co. and on the north wall of the Gypsum Valley, San Miguel County, Colorado, some 40 miles southeast of the Jack Claim.

Reference: Dana’s System of Mineralogy, 7th ed. v. 2, p. 602-603.

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CrandalliteCaAl₃(PO₄)₂(OH)₅-H₂O

Description: Belongs to the Crandallite group. Was first termed "pseudowavellite". Crandallite occurs in compact to cleavable masses that have no crystalline appearance. It fills cavities with irregular shaped botryoidal fillings. The thickness of the Crandallite was 2mm to 6cm. The botryoidal masses when cleaved have a straight lamellar appearance. It almost appears fibrous, very fine and radiating. It also appears to have a platy structure. Most of the Crandallite is covered by a crust of up to 0.5 mm thick of tenorite. Hardness is 4. Specific Gravity undetermined. Crandallite is white and opaque.

Crystallography: Triclinic. Space Group: R-lattice. On the surface it appears botryoidal. When broken or crushed it has a radiating fibrous structure.

Location: Crandallite was first discovered on the dumps of the Brooklyn Mine, 1 1/4 mile east of Silver City. It occurred in the monzonite and was very scarce.

Named For and Discovered By: Crandallite was found by Mr. G.F. Loughlin of the U.S.G.S. It is named after Mr. M.L. Crandall, an engineer for the Knight Syndicate of Provo, Utah, who did much to aid the U.S.G.S. in the recent study of the district.

Other Locations: Crandallite occurs as a yellow crust and lining at Clay Canyon, Tooele County, Utah within the variscite nodules. It can also be found at the variscite mine in Lucin, Tooele County, Utah. Nevada, South Dakota, Arkansas, Canada, Bolivia, Germany, France, Senegal, Australia, and Guatamala.

Reference: Dana’s System of Mineralogy. 7th ed. v. 2, p. 835-837. Am. Min. 48 (1963), 1144-1153. JCPDS File No. 33-257.

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EiteliteNa₂Mg(CO₃)₂

Description: Forms a series with Roedderite. Eitelite forms as colorless to white transparent crystals. Luster is vitreous. Hardness is 3.5 and specific gravity is 2.737 (meas). It also has a distinct cleavage in one direction.

Crystallography: Triagonal. Space Group: 3 (with a line over the 3). Class: 3 (with a line over the 3) Crystals are rhombohedrals and get up to 17 mm.

Location: Mapco Shrine Hospital No. 1 well, Duchesne County. Eitelite is found only within the Green River Oil Shale Fm. (eocene).

Named For and Discovered By:

Assocaited Minerals: Trona, nahcolite, shortite, magnesioriebeckite. Intimately associated with reedmergnerite, and searlesite, crocidolite, and leucosphenite.

Other Locations: Carter Oil Comapny, Kermit Poulsen No. 1 Well, Duchesne County. Tombstone Mountains, Yukon, Canada and in Sri Lanka within the gem pits at Eheliyagoda, Raknapura district.

References: Am. Min. 58 (1973), 211. Am. Min. 40 (1955), 326-327. Can. Min. 20 (1982), 65-75.

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EnglishiteK₃Na₂Ca₁₀Al₁₅(PO₄)₂₁(OH)₇-26H₂O

Description: Englishite is found as aggregates surrounding spherules of wardite and millisite. Hardness is <3. Cleavage is perfect (micaceous). Englishite is transparent to translucent. Luster is vitreous to pearly.

Crystallography: Orthorhombic or Monoclinic.

Location: Clay Canyon, Fairfield, Utah County. Where is forms within the variscite nodules.

Named For and Discovered By:

Associated Minerals: Englishite is always found with variscite and wardite. It may replace one or the other, or just be on one or the other.

Other Locations: Custer County, South Dakota.

Reference: Dana’s System of Mineralogy, 7th ed. v. 2, p. 957-958. Can. Min. 22 (1984), 467-470. Min. Rec. 17 (1986), 237-254.

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FangiteTl₃AsS₄

Description: Fangite was found in one sulfide block. It has a deep red to maroon color, similar to gillulyite. It tarnishes to darker, almost metallic in color. In direct light it is distinctively different in color than realgar. No streak was obtained from the natural specimen. From synthetic fangite streak was orange-red, hardness was 2 to 2.5 and specific gravity was measured at 6.20 and a conchoidal fracture. No well formed crystals were found in nature. The vug opening showed flat surfaces, which maybe cleaved masses.

Crystallography: Orthorhombic. Trigonal dipyramids habit. {101}.

Location: Fangite was found in one block from the stockpile at the Mercur Disseminated Gold Mine, Tooele County, (Also known as just Mercur).

Named For and Discovered By: Fangite is named for Jen-Ho Fang, of the University of Alabama, for his work in the fields of crystallography, crystal chemistry and geostatistics.

Associated Minerals: The boulder fangite was found in also contained pyrite, realgar, orpiment, and calcite.

Other Locations: Material identical to fangite was identified from the Crven Dol deposit in Alshar, formerly Yugoslavian Republic of Macedonia. The material from this location was found on lorandite, orpiment and realgar. No crystal studies were able to be conducted on this material. Fangite has been synthesized.

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Fervanite2Fe₂O₃-2V₂O₅-5H₂O

Description: Fervanite is golden-brown in color and has a high luster. It forms parallel fibers to 0.5 cm long. There is no apparent cleavage. Specific gravity was undetermined. Fervanite is insoluble in water.

Crystallography: Monoclinic. Habit is radiating fibers.

Location: Fervanite was thought to be gypsum with carnotite in it. When the gypsum was found without carnotite it was examined and determined to be a new mineral. fervanite was common in the carnotite region of Utah and Colorado. The first suspected samples came from Polar Mesa, on the north side of the LaSal Mountians, Grand County.

Named For and Discovered By: The name is made of the element names that it is composed of, "fer" (ferrum iron) and "van" (vanadium). It was discovered by Frank L. Hess of the U.S.G.S.

Associated Minerals: Fervanite is associated with all the carnotite mineral of this area.

Other Locations: It is a very common mineral in this region and is likely to be at many of the mines in this region. Mr. Hess collected fervanite from the Gypsum Valley, San Miguel County, Colorado.

Reference: Am. Min. 16 (1931), 273-277. Am. Min. 44 (1959), 322-341.

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FrankhawthorneiteCu₂²⁺Te⁶⁺O₄(OH)₂

Description: Isolated crystals of frankhawthorneite were found on drusy quartz. Only about 2milligrams of this frankhawthorneite are known to exist. frankhawthorneite is vitreous, adamantine, and transparent leaf green. frankhawthorneite does not fluoresce. Hardness is estimated to be 3 to 4. Specific gravity is unmeasured.

Crystallography: Monoclinic. No twinning observed. Commonly in the form of {101}, {100}, and {011}.

Location: Centennial Eureka Mine, Tintic District, Juab County. frankhawthorneite was collected off the dump before it was reclaimed.

Named For and Discovered By: frankhawthorneite is named for Prof. Frank C. Haowthorne, University of Manitoba.

Associated Minerals: Mcalpineite, pyrite, hematite, acanthite, chryscolla, connellite, enargite, hinsdalite, svanbergite, and some unnamed minerals.

Other Locations: There are no other reported localities for frankhawthorneite.

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GarrelsiteBa₃NaSi₂B₇O₁₆(OH)₄

Description: Garrelsite occurs as colorless bipyramidal crystals. Hardness is not determined. Specific gravity is 3.68 (meas) and 3.73 (calc).

Crystallography: Monoclinic. Space Group: C2/c. Class: 2/m. The crystals appear as four-sided bipyramids. The faces are striated.

Location: 2139’ to 2370’ level of the Sun Oil Company, South Ouray No 1 Well, Uintah County.

Named For and Discovered By:

Associated Minerals: nahcolite, shortite, searlsite, and wurtzite.

Other Locations: Searles Lake, California.

References: Am. Min. 59 (1974), 623. Acta Cryst. B32 (1976), 824. Bull. Geol. Soc. Am. 66, (1955), 1957.

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GillulyiteTl₂(As,Sb)₈S₁₃

Description: Gillulyite is translucent deep red to red-purple, it tarnishes rapidly to darker red or metallic. It resembles realgar but when compared side by side there is an obvious distinction. Hardness is 2 to 2.5. Specific gravity was calculated at 4.14. Gillulyite has one perfect cleavage. Streak is brick red.

Crystallography: Monoclinic. No twinning was observed. Commonly {101}, {110}, and {011}.

Location: Mercur Gold Mine, Oquirrh Mountains, Tooele County. The original discovery was made at the upper beds of the mine, about 25 meters below the contact with the Long Trail Member on the 6780’ level of the Lulu Cut on the South Mercur Pit. Mine coordinates N20900,E20280.

Named For and Discovered By: Named for James C. Gilluly of the U.S.G.S. Mr. Gilluly wrote U.S. Geological Survey Professional Paper173, Geology and Ore Deposits of the Fairfield and stockton Quadrangles, Utah. This paper explains the geology of the Mercur gold deposit.

Associated Minerals: Realgar, orpiment, lorandite, and pyrite were all abundant in the area and with the Gillulyite.

Other Localities: Gillulyite has not been found anywhere else.

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GoldichiteKFe(SO₄)₂-4H₂O

Description: Goldichite occurs as small radiating clusters of lath shaped crystals. Goldichite is pale yellowish green. In artificial light it appears to have a distinct lavander tint. Goldichite has excellent cleavage and a hardness of 2.5. Specific gravity was measured at 2.43. Goldichite is only slightly soluble in cold water and easily soluble in hot water and in dilute mineral acids.

Crystallography: Monoclinic. Space Group: P21/c. Class: 2/m. Forms in prismatic laths. Common forms include {001}, {100}, and {011}.

Location: Dexter No.7 Mine, Calf Mesa, Emery County, in the San Rafael Swell.

Named For and Discovered By: Goldichite is named in honor of Samuel S. Goldich, Professor of Geology, University of Minnesota. Pieces of Goldichite were submitted for identification by R.L. Akright of the Atomic Energy Commission in 1953.

Associated Minerals: Coquimbite, alunogen, halotrichite, copiapite, roemerite, melanterite, fibroerrite, voltaite, chalcanthite, diadochite, sulfur, butlerite, parabutlerite, and several other uranium minerals.

Other Localities:

Reference: Am. Min. 40 (1955), 469-480.

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GordoniteMgAl₂(PO₄)₂(OH)₂-8H₂O

Discription: Belongs to the Paravauxite group. Gordonite forms as layers of glassy, clear and cleavable crystals. The layers are less than a millimeter thick. The layers are on or near variscite. No good crystals were found for research. Gordonite resembles paravauxite.

Crystallography: Triclinic. Space Group: P1 (line over the 1) Class: 1. (a line over the 1) No good crystals were available for study.

Location: Clay Canyon, Fairfield, Utah County.

Named For and Discovered By:

Associated Minerals: Variscite, wardite and millisite.

Other Locations: Milgun, Station, Western Australia.

References: Dana’s System of Mineralogy, 7th ed. v. 2, p. 975-976.

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GrantsiteNa₄Ca_xV⁴⁺V⁵⁺_(12-2x) O₃₂-8H₂O

Description: Grantsite is dark green to blackish aggregates of microscopic fibrous fillings in sandstone. Grantsite forms as interstitial fillings in the sandstone and as thin seams in the carbonized wood. Grantsite is also found as botryoidal coatings pseudomorphing after paramontroseite and haggite which it is oxidizing from. Grantsite streak is olive green to brown green. No hardness was able to be determined, though it is soft and easily smeared. Grantsite luster is silky or pearly to adamantine. Measured specific gravity is 2.94 +/- 0.01. Fine fibers or grains of Grantsite change from dark green to orange red in HCl, and dissolve to form an orange to yellow solution.

Crystallography: Monoclinic. Space Group: C2/m. Class: 2/m. Grantsite crystals occur in bundles of fibers oriented parallel to the b-axis.

Location: Utah is a co-type locality for Grantsite. Parco No 23 Mine, Grand County, The mine is located south of highway 50, about 13 miles SE of Thompson. This is one of four mines in which Grantsite was found in. Section 33, T.12 N.,R. 9 W. of Grants, Valencia County, N.M. is where the type piece originally came from.

Named For and Discovered By: Grantsite is named for Grants, N.M. Where the first type piece came from. It was collected by T.W. Stern and L.B. Riley in 1952 in Grants, N.M. This location did not produce enough material for a proper analysis.

Associated Minerals: Marcasite, hematite, galena, pyrite, other uranium and vanadium minerals, and haggite and paramontroseite.

Other Localities: Grantsite was first discovered at Grants, N.M. Not enough material was available for analysis. Later material was recovered at the Golden Cycle mining Company Mine on Catkins Mesa, Arvin Dist. Montrose County, Colorado. It was discovered in 1957 by Weeks and Truesdell. Who revisited the Grants site for more material. Later M.E. Thompson found material at the Utah Location.

References: Am. Min. 49 (1964), 1511-1526.

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Haynesite(UO₂)₃(SeO₃)₂(OH)₂-5H₂O

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JenseniteCu₃²⁺Te⁶⁺O₆2H₂O

Description: Jensenite is a very rare cupric tellurate. So little material was found that there is not a lot of information available. The one crystal studied was roughly an equant fragment. The fragment measures only 0.05 x 0.05 x 0.07 mm.

Crystallography: Monoclinic.

Location: Jensenite was found on the dumps of the Centennial Eureka Mine, Tintic Mining District, Juab County.

Named For and Discovered By: Jensenite is named for Martin Jensen who discovered the mineral.

Associated Minerals: Jensenite is associated with mcalpineite, xocomecatlite, cesbronite, and frankhawthorneite.

Other Location: This is the only reported location for Jensenite.

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Juabite

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LiesingiteCu(Mg,Cu,Fe,Zn)₂Te⁶⁺O₆-6H₂O

Description: Leisingite is a secondary mineral that formed from the breakdown of the primary Cu- and Te- bearing sulfides at the mine. Liesingite occurs as single, or rarely as clusters, hexagonal thin plates, or as foliated masses in cavities of quartz. The crystals are subhedral to euhedral. Liesingite is pale yellow to pale orange and is transparent. Streak is yellow. Liesingite is brittle to slightly flexible, has uneven fracture and in non-fluorescent. Liesingite has a hardness of 3 to 4 and perfect cleavage. Calculated specific gravity is 3.41. Liesingite has a frosted or satiny appearance.

Crystallography: Hexagonal. Platy single crystals or aggregates of platy crystals. 0.1mm across and extremely thin. Forms include {100} commonly and {100}, {110} rarely.

Location: From the dumps of the Centennial Eureka Mine, Tintic Mining District. Juab County, Utah

Named For and Discovered By: Mr. Joseph F Liesing of Reno Nevada. Mr. Liesing helped collect the type material.

Associated Minerals: Liesingite is associated with jensenite, cesbronite, and hematite.

Other Localities: There are no other reported locations of Liesingite.

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Magnesium-ZippeiteMg₂(UO₂)₆(SO₄)₃(OH)₁₀-16H₂O

Description: Belongs to the Zippeite group. Magnesium-zippeite- occurs as fine grained efflorescent coatings. It is orange yellow to orange tan. It is in solid solution with Cobalt-zippeite and Sodium-zippeite and therefore has the same properties as they do. Magnesium-zippeite is fluorescent bright yellow, hardness is 2, and specific gravity is 3.3.

Crystallography: Orthorhombic.

Location: Lucky Strike No. 2 Mine, San Juan County.

Named For and Discovered By: Magnesium-zippeite. is named for its relation to the mineral zippeite. It was discovered by M.E. Thompson, A.W. Weeks, and A.M. Sherwood.

Associated Mineral: Sodium-zippeite, cobalt-zippeite, johannite, uraninite, uranopilite, and other uranium minerals.

Other Locations: Since the zippeite minerals are all related together they may all be found in the same area. Zippeite locations include Canada, Colorado, Arizona, and numerous locations in Utah.

References: Can. Min. 14 (1976), 429-436.

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MallarditeMnSO₄-7H₂O

Description: Belongs to the Melanterite group. Mallardite occurs as fiberous masses and crusts of pale rose. It is vitreousand dehydrates rapidly to opaque. Soluble in water. Hardness is 2 and specific gravity is 1.846 (meas. on syn.).

Crystallography: Monoclinic. Space Group: P2₁/c. Class: 2/m. Usually massive or as a crust.

Location: Lucky Boy Mine, Butterfield Counyon, Sal tLake County.

Named For and Discovered By:

Associated Minerals: Manganoan melanterite.

Other Locations: Bayard area, Grant County, New Mexico and Jokoku Mine, Hokkaido, Japan.

References: Min. Abst. 82M/4639, (1879); Dana 7th ed. v. 2, p 507-508. JCPDS File No. 33-905.

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McalpineiteCu₃TeO₆-H₂O

Description: Mcalpineite is an emerald green 0.5 mm crust on quartz. Mcalpineite has a adamantine luster and a light green streak. It is non-fluorescent. hardness and specific gravity could not be measured due to the size and quantity of the material. Some of the crusts have anheadral faces 20 microns or smaller.

Crystallography: Cubic.

Location: Mcalpineite is co-type locality for Utah. Mcalpineite was first discovered at the Mcalpineite Mine, Tuolumne County, California. The material found here was insufficient for research. Later it was discovered at the Centennial Eureka Mine, Juab County, Utah. This produced enough material for further identification.

Named For and Discovered By: Mcalpineite is named for the mine it was first discovered. The McAlpine Mine.

Associated Minerals: At the Centennial Eureka Mine, it was associated with xocomecatlite, hinsdalite-svanbergite, goethite, and several new minerals. At the McAlpine Mine it is associated with Muscovite, calcite goethite, hematite, mimetite malachite azurite, pyrite, hessite, electrum, silver, galena, and several other minerals.

Other Localities: No other locations are reported.

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Meta-AluminiteAl₂(SO₄)(OH)₄-5H₂O

Description: Meta-Aluminite forms as soft, microcrystalline, white veinlets. Meta-Aluminite has the appearance of aluminite from Halle, Saxony, but with a more silky luster. The crystals of Meta-Aluminite appear as feathery minute laths with inclined extinctions. The laths are only a few microns thick and are warped. Meta-Aluminite is very abundant in the area it was found.

Crystallography: Monoclinic. Lath-like feathery aggregates.

Location: Meta-Aluminite was first found at the Fuemrole Mine, Temple Mountain, Emery County. The mine is on the west slopes of Temple Mountain. This Mine is also the Type locality for the mineral Abernathyite.

Named For and Discovered By: Meta-Aluminite is an appropriate name because it is a lower hydrate than aluminite and can be formed from that mineral when it is heated to above 55* C. The change was indeterminable in specimens left at room temperature for over 10 years.

Associated Minerals: Aluminite, basaluminite.

Other Localities: Greater Goloustan area, USSR.

References: Am. Min. 53 (1968), 717-721. JCPDS File No. 32-27.

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MetahewetiteCaV₆⁵⁺O₁₆-3H₂O

Description: Metahewetite occurs as fibers of deep red aggregates coating sandstone. Luster is silky. Streak is maroon to brownish-red. Specific gravity is 2.94 (meas.).

Crystallography: Monoclinic. Space Group: A2/m. Class: 2/m. Metahewetite forms well developed laths that are wlongated and flattened.

Location: Thompson, Grand County.

Named For and Discovered By:

Associated Minerals: Hewetite and gypsum.

Other Locations: Get Me Rich Mine, Edgemont, Fall River, South Dakota; Paradox Valley, Montrose County, Colorado; and many other locations within the Colorado Plateau.

References: Min. Mag. 43 (1979), 550. Dana 7th ed. v. 2, 1061-1062. Am. Min. 44 (1959), 322-341.

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MetavarisciteAlPO₄-2H₂O

Description: Metavariscite occurs within cavities of variscite as a pale green drusy. It is transparent to transluscent. Hardness is 3.5 and specific gravity is 2.54 (meas.) and 2.535 (calc.). Streak is white.

Crystallography: Monoclinic. Point Group: 2/m. The crystals are minute and tabular, {010} slighlty elongated or equant {001} and {100}.

Location: Edison Bird Mine,Utahlite Hill, Lucin, Box Elder County.

Named For and Discovered By: Named for its relationship with variscite. Metavariscite was named and discovered in 1925.

Associated Minerals: Variscite.

Other Locatons: Candelaria, Nevada and Malpelo Island in the Pacific Ocean.

References: Dana 7th ed. (1951), v. 2, p. 769. Dana 8th ed., p. 803.

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MetazeuneriteCu²⁺(UO₂)₂(AsO₄)₂-8H₂O

Description: Metazeunerite occurs as pale green, grassy-green, or emerald-green tabs. Luster is vitreous. It is fluorescent under ultraviolet light. Hardness is 2 to 2.5 and specific gravity is 3.64 (meas) and 3.79 (calc.). It is transluscent to transparent.

Crystallography: Tetragonal. Space Group: P4₂/n. Class: 4/m. Crystals are thin rectangular tablets. It can also be micaceous, foliated, and in subparallel aggregates.

Location: Centennial Eureka Mine, Tintic Mining District, Utah County.

Named For and Discovered By:

Associated Minerals:

Other Locations: Nevada, Montana, South Dakota, Colorado, Arizona, Germany, France, Italy and England along with numberous other locations,

References: Am. Min. 49 (1964), 1619. USGS Bull. 1064, p 215-220 (1958).

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Millisite(NaK)CaAl₆(PO₄)₄(OH)₉-3H₂O

Discription: Forms as white bands around wardite. Hardness is 5.5 and specific gravity is 2.83. Millisite fuses at 3.5. The bands or crusts are made up of successive layers of matted fibers.

Crystallography: Tetragonal. Space Group: P4₁2₁2 or P4₃2₁2. Class: 422. Forms as crusts or spheres.

Location: Clay Canyon, Fairfield, Utah County. This is approximately 50 miles south of Salt Lake City, Utah.

Named For and Discovered By:

Associated Minerals: Millisite is always found with wardite. They are found in or around the variscite kernals.

Other Locations: Bone Valley, West Florida; Thies, Senegal, Africa; Iron Knob, South Australia.

References: Dana’s System of Mineralogy, 7th ed. v. 2, p. 941-942. Am. Min. 45 (1960), 547.

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MontgomeryiteCa₄Al₅(PO₄)₆(OH)₅-11H₂O

Description: Isostructural with knigsmountite and calcioferrite. Montgomeryite is found as deep green to pale green and clear material replacing variscite. It was thought to be gordonite, but was determined to be a separate species. Almost all green gordonite was determined to be Montgomeryite is abundant in the variscite nodules as massive bands separating the kernels of variscite from the outer alterations. Inside these massive bands are often cavities which contain crystals of montgomeryite. Montgomeryite was one of the last stages to form. Apatite "sheafs" of radiating crystals and needles are found on the massive montgomeryite in the cavities. Hardness is 4 and specific gravity is 2.530 +/- 0.05. Luster is vitreous.

Crystallography: Monoclinic. Space Group: C2/c. Class: 2/m. Crystals are often lath shaped flattened on {010} with pyrimidal {001} terminations. Subparallel clusters are common. Crystal size averaged 0.8 x 0.5 x 0.1 mm.

Location: ???Green Eye Monster Mine???, Clay Canyon, Tooele County.

Named For and Discovered By: Named for Mr. Arthur Montgomery. He and Mr. Edwin Over (see Overite)spent lots of time collecting and cataloging nodules form this location. Shannon and Larsen (1930) described this mineral partial. Due to the lack of material at the time it was labeled unnamed #8.

Associated Minerals: Englishite and variscite.

Other Localities: Etta Mine, Pennington County, and Custer County, South Dakota; Foote Mine, Cleaveland County, North Carolina; Minas Gerias, Brazil; Sandamab pegmatite, Namibia; Kazakhastan; Mingun Station, Western Australia and Iron knob, Southern Australia.

References: Am. Min. 59 (1974), 849-850. Min. Rec. 14 (1983), 195-197.

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NeighboriteNaMgF₃

Description: Neighborite is vitreous, with no cleavage, and has uneven fracture. Neighborite is also not soluble in water, slowly soluble in hydrochloric or nitric acid, and more rapidly soluble in sulfuric. Specific gravity is 3.02.

Color is cream to clear and colorless. Pink and brown rounded grains were also found.

Crystallography: Cubic. Orthorhombic. Space Group: Pcmn. Class: 2/m2/m2/m. Forms octahedrons of both single crystals and twins. Common forms are {111} and {100}.

Location: Uintah County. Neighborite was found in the cuttings from two wells in this county. The Sun Havenstrite Well and the South Ouray Well. The material analyzed came from the Sun Haverstrite Well. The material studied was from the 1930’ level of the well, and occurred in about 10 foot intervals. Neighborite is found in the grayish to black dolomitic oil shale of the Green River Formation in the South Ouray area.

Named For and Discovered By: Neighborite is named in honor of Mr. Frank Neighbor, District Geologist of the Sun Oil Company. Mr. Neighbors efforts in preserving samples allowed for the discovery of Neighborite and garrelsite also form this area.

Associated Mineral: Epidote, burbankite, pyrite, nahcolite, wurtzite, baryocalcitecalcite, and quartz.

Other Locations: Ural Mountains, eastern Siberia and the Kola Peninsula Russia. Lake Gjerdingen, Oslo Region, Norway.

References: Am. Min. 46 (1961), 379-393.

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OveriteCa₃Al₈(PO₄)₈(OH)₆-15H₂O

Description: Belongs to the Overite group. Overite forms as pale green to colorless crystals that are vitreous. Overite forms in cavities within variscite nodules. It often forms the white crusty looking material that holds the variscite kernels in the nodules. It was also found replacing the variscite and other minerals within the nodules. Crystals are easily cleaved with perfect cleavage. Hardness is 4, specific gravity is 2.53 using bromoform as a suspension. Overite is colorless under the microscope.

Crystallography: Orthorhombic. Space Group: Pcca. Class: 2/m2/m2/m. Overite nearly always forms crystals. Parallel growths are very common. Crystals average 0.3 x 0.1 x 0.05 mm in size. Usually pinnacoid {100}.

Location: ???Green Eyed Monster Mine???, Clay Canyon. Tooele County. Where is occurs inside the variscite nodules.

Named For and Discovered By: Overite is named for Mr. Edwin Over of Colorado Springs, Colorado. Mr. Over recognized the material as a new mineral and helped collect material for study.

Associated Minerals: Variscite and englishite.

Other Localities:Milgun Station, Western Australia.

References: Dana’s System of Mineralogy, 7th ed. v. 2, p. 979-980. Am. Min. 59 (1974), 48-49.

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PintadoiteCa₂V₂O₇ - 9H₂O

Description: This mineral is inadequately described. Color is dark green. It is slowly soluble in water. It forms as an efforescence on the matrix. It was found as thin masses on sandstone.

Crystallography: ?

Location: Pintado Canyon, San Juan County.

Named For and Discovered By: Named for the type location. Pintadoite was named in 1914.

Assocaited Minerals:

Other Locations: Temple Mountain, Emery County; Bull Canyon, San Miguel County, Colorado; and Apache County, Arizona.

References: Dana 7th ed. (1951) v. 2, p. 1053. Washington Acadamy of Science 4, 576, (1914).

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RabbittiteCa₃Mg₃(UO₂)₂(CO₃)₆(OH)₄-18H₂O

Description: rabbittite occurs as efflorescence on a pillar of high-grade uranium ore. The crystals are pale-green, silky, and resemble bent and twisted talc crystals. The crystals are very small and just harder than gypsum, approximately 2.5. Specific gravity is 2.57. rabbittite effervesces in dilute hydrochloric acid and is soluble in cold water.

Crystallography: Monoclinic. Small crystals are elongated parallel to the c-axis {001}. Cleavage is perfect along the basal and is good prismatic in the other two directions.

Location: Lucky Strike No. 2 Mine, Emery County. rabbittite was collected from a pillar of pitchblende and other uranium mineral near the portal. This deposit is in the Shinarump Conglomerate (Tr) within the San Rafael Swell.

Named For and Discovered By: rabbittite is named in honor of John C. Rabbitt for his leadership. Mr. Rabbitt was the chief of the U.S. Geological Survey Trace Elements Section from 1947-1953.

Associated Minerals: Pitchblende, pyrite, galena, zippeite, and other uranium minerals.

Other Locations: No other reported locations.

References: Am. Min. 40 (1955), 201-202.

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RauviteCa(UO₂)₂V₁₀⁵⁺O₂₈-16H₂O

Description: Rauvite occurs as purpleish to blueish-black fillings in cracks in sandstone. It may also be brownish-red or burnt orange. Luster is adamantine. Streak is yellowish to olive. Rauvite is not fluorecent. It was found as crack fillings, botryoidal crusts, and as films, as well as interstitial filings in the sandstone. It is very fine grained and was found in slickensides. Rauvite is waxy and brittle.

Crystallography: Undetermined.

Locatin: Shinarump Member, Chinle Formation, Flat Top, Temple Rock (Mountain), Emery County.

Named For and Discovered By:

Associated Mineral: Carnotite, gypsum, uvanite, hewetite, metahewetite, and metatorbernite.

Other Locations: Temple Mountain Mine, Temple Mountain, Emery County, Utah. Also Cactus Rat Mine, and the corvusite mines, Thompson District, Grand County; Monument No. 2 Mine, San Juan County, Utah. As well as the Small Pot Mine, and Arrowhead Mine, Meas County; Hummer Mine, Montrose County, Colorado. Road Hog No. 3A Mine, Get Me Rich Mine, Ridgerunner Mine, Virgina C. Mine, and Hot Point Mine, Edgemont area, Fall River County, South Dakota.

References: U.S.G.S. Bull. 1064, p. 263-264 (1958). Encyclopedia of Minerals, 2nd ed. Van Norstram and Reinhold. p 719.

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ReedmergneriteNaBSi₃O₈

Description: Belongs to the Feldspar group. Reedmergnerite is the boron analog of albite. It is also isostructural with albite. Reedmergnerite forms short colorless vitreous crystals. It fuses easily and is insoluble in nitric and hydrochloric acid, and decomposes in hydrofluoric acid. Hardness is 6 to 6.5. Specific gravity is 2.69 (observed), 2.77 (calculated). The largest crystal is 0.2 cm. Reedmergnerite also has perfect cleavage in one direction.

Crystallography: Triclinic. Space Group: C1. (line over the 1) Class: 1??? Forming stuby, short crystals with characteristic wedge-shaped terminations. Common forms are {010}, {100}, and {210}.

Location: Reedmergnerite was first noticed at the Sinclair Mortenson Well, Duchesne County. After it was discovered at the Sinclair Mortenson Well, it was found at five different wells in a 20 mile radius of the area. The Willis Moon No. 1, Elmer Moon No. 1, Duchesne County No. 1, Joseph Smith No. 1, and the Kermit Poulson No. 1, all owned by the Carter Oil Company. It is found in the black oil shale of the Green River Formation.

Named For and Discovered By: Reedmergnerite is named in honor of two technicians for the U.S.G.S. who sent their life making and preparing thin sections for reports for U.S.G.S. geologists. Frank S Reed and John L. Mergner. Reedmergnerite is a combinations of their last names.

Associated Minerals: Eitelite, shortite, nahcolite, searlesite, leucosphenite, acmite, analcite, and magnesioriebeckite in unmetamorphosed dolomitic oil shale.

Other Locations: The six wells listed here and in an alkalic massif at Dara-i-Poiz massif, Tadzhikistan reported locations. Also reported from the Lovozero Massif, Kola Peninsula, Russia.

References: Am Min., 45, 188-199. by Milton C., E.C.T. Chao, J.M. Axelrod and F.S. Grimaldi in 1960. Grew, E.S. M.G. Yates, D.I. Belakovshiy, R.C. Rouse, S.C. Su, and N. Marquez did a paper entitled "Hyalotekite from reedmergnerite-bearing perlakaline pegmatite, Dara-i-Pioz, Tajikistan". Published in Min. Mag., 58, 285-297.

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Sodium-zippeiteNa₄(UO₂)₆(SO₄)₃(OH)₁₀-4H₂O

Description: Belongs to the Zippeite group. This is the most common of the Na-,Mg-,Co-, zippeite group. The color contrasts greatly against the golden yellow of zippeite. It is a just yellow. occurs as fine grained efflorescent coatings. It is orange yellow to orange tan. It is in solid solution with Cobalt-zippeite and Sodium-zippeite and therefore has the same properties as they do. Magnesium-zippeite is fluorescent bright yellow, hardness is 2, and specific gravity is 3.3.

Crystallography: Orthorhombic.

Location: Happy Jack Mine, San Juan County is the type locality for sodium-zippeite.

Named For and Discovered By: is named for its relation to the mineral zippeite. It was discovered by M.E. Thompson, A.W. Weeks, and A.M. Sherwood.

Associated Mineral: Sodium-zippeite, cobalt-zippeite, johannite, uraninite, uranopilite, and other uranium minerals.

Other Locations: In Utah it is also found at the Delta Mine, Emery County, Atomic King Mine, San Juan County, Oyler Mine, Wayne County, Lucky Strike Mine, W.M. Mine, Soda Roll Mine, San Juan County, and from Fruita, Utah. Zippeite has been found in Joachimsthal and from Gilpin County, Colorado.

References: Can. Min. 14 (1976), 429-436.

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StringhamiteCuCaSiO₄-2H₂O

Description: Stringhamite is deep azure blue to almost purple. The crystal and crystal fragments are translucent to transparent. Specific gravity is 3.16 to 3.18. Stringhamite occured as a retrograde product reactionbetween the copper-bearing solutions and the diopside in the diopside-magnetite tactite. Stringhamite is pleochroic, X = light grey blue, Y = light blue, Z = dark blue.

Crystallography: Monoclinic. Space Group: P2₁ /c Class: 2/m. Biaxial (+), alpha is light gray blue (1.707), beta is light blue (1.717), and theta is dark blue (1.729). Morphology is dominated by {011}, {101}, and {111} (Line over the first one)

Location: Bawana Pit, Old Hickory Mine, Milford, Beaver County. It was only found in the one location at the mine.

Named For and Discovered By: Named for Bronson F. Stringham (1907-1968), late chairman of the Department of Mineralogy at the University of Utah. Specimens were collected in 1969, but not large enough quantities were collected until the early 1970’s to describe the mineral.

Associated Mineral: Stringhamite is found in a diopside-magnetite skarn. It is associated with thaumasite, tenorite, kinoite, and calcite.

Other Locations: The other locations reported for stringhamite is the Christmas Mine, Gila County, Arizona, and the El Bronce Mine, Tierra Amarilla, Chile.

Mineral "F" from the Crestmore Quarry in Riverside California was determined to be identical in analysis as that of stringhamite. It was discovered in 1943 by A.O. Woodford who assigned it the designation "mineral F" at the time because there was not enough material to analyze using the methods of that time.

References: Am. Min. 61 (1976), 189-192.

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Tinitcite2FePO₄-Fe(OH)₃-3.5H₂O

Description: Tinticite occurs as a dense porcelain-like mass in veinlets of jarosite. It appears earth, compact and has a creamy with a hint of green-yellow. Hardness is 2.5 and specific gravity is 2.82. Tinticite is insoluble in water, sulfuric acid, and nitric acid, but is slowly soluble in hydrochloric acid. More crude tests that were performed on it showed it had no gritty texture when chewed and was not clay-like either. The powder from a fingernail scratch was not soapy. It is believed to form from the iron in the limestone and the bat guano on the walls.

Crystallography: Orthorhombic. The average size is about one micron.

Location: Tinticite was found during a study of hidden ore bodies in the Tintic Mining District in 1944. The exact site is not known.

Named For and Discovered By: Tinticite is named for the mining district it was found in. It was discovered by Dr. T.S. Lovering of the U.S.G.S. while he was studying ore bodies in the area.

Associated Minerals: The iron is from the jarosite and the phosphate is from bat guano.

Other Locations:

References: Dana’s System of Mineralogy, 7th ed. v. 2, p. 970-971.

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TooeleiteFe₈³⁺(AsO₄)₆(OH)₆-5H₂O

Description: Tooeleite is found as radiating sprays or aggregates. It is cadmium orange to a brown orange with a streak the same color. It is found in cavities within scorodite. Hardness is 3. Tooeleite seems gummy when first scratched. The layers it forms are only a couple of millimeters thick. Luster is greasy. Tooeleite is non-fluorescent.

Crystallography: Orthorhombic. Elongated blades up to 10 mm were found. Tooeleite crystals have well formed terminations, and the cleavage surfaces appear wrinkled. Crystals are bound by {010}, {304}, and {100}.

Location: Waste Dumps of the U.S. Mine, Clifton District ( also known as the Gold Hill Mining District), Tooele County.

Named For and Discovered By: Tooeleite is named for the county of its origin. In 1964 a single sample was found. No work was done on the sample until 1984 when plenty of new material was found. The first sample was collected underground. The remaining material came from the dumps. The mine has scence been reclaimed. Very little of anything is found at this location anymore.

Associated Minerals: Tooeleite is found within scorodite. It is assiciated with jarosite, galena, pyrite, goethite, and gypsum.

Other Locations: This is the only known location.

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Tungstenite-2HWS₂

Tungstenite-3R is a poly type of Tungstenite-2H

Description: Tungstenite occurs as a replacement deposit of limestone. It forms as fine scales or as feathery aggergates of a lead-gray. Tungstenite is opaque with a lead-gray streak. Hardness is 2.5 and specific gravity is 7.75 (meas) and 7.732 (calc).

Crystallography: Hexagonal. Space Group: P6₃/mmc. Class: 6/m 2/m 2/m.

Location: Emma Mine, Little Cottonwood Canyon, Salt Lake County.

Named For and Discovered By:

Assocaited Minerals: Wolframite, pyrite, tetrahedrite, sphalerite, galena, argentite, and quartz.

Other Locations: British Columbia, Canada; Tsumeb, Namibia.

References: NBS Circ. 539 (1959), v. 8, p. 65. Can. Min. 10 (1970), 729-732. Dana 7th ed. v. 1, p. 331-332. JPDCS 35-651. Encyclopedia of Minerals, 2nd ed. Van Norstram and Reinhold. p 719

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Tungstenite-3RWS₂

A poly type of Tungstenite-2H

See Tungstenite-2H

References: JPDCS 35-651. Encyclopedia of Minerals, 2nd ed. Van Norstram and Reinhold. p 719.

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Utahite

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Umohoite(UO₂)MoO₄-4H₂O

Description: Umohoite forms as plate-like or fine grained foliated aggregates. It luster is bright metallic to submatallic with a black to blueish black color. Hardness is < 2. Specific gravity is 4.55-4.93 (meas). It occurs as thin veins or as disseminated specks in clay.

Crystallography: Monoclinic and orthorhombic. Class: 2/m; 2/m2/m2/m. Habit is plate-like.

Location: Freedom No. 2 Mine, Marysvale, Piute County.

Named For and Discovered By:

Assocaited Mineral: Uranium-bearing veins in clay.

Other Location: Alyce Tolino Mine, Cameron, Arizona. Lucky Mc Mine, Wyoming. Zaire, Australia, and Russia.

Refernces: USGU. Bull. 1064, p. 148-149. Am. Min. 44 (1959), 1248.

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UvaniteU₂⁶⁺V₆⁵⁺O₂₁-15H₂O

Description: Minute crystalline masses and coatings. Color is brownish-yellow. Uvanite has two pincoidal cleavages. Pleochroic: X = light brown, Y = dark brown, Z = yellow green.

Crystallography: Orthorhombic.

Location: Temple Mountain, Emery County.

Named For and Discovered By: Uvanite is a named for its’ compsition, U for uranium and van for vanadium. It was discovered and named in 1914.

Associated Minerals: Gypsum, halite, opal, and secondary uranium and vanadium minerals.

Other Locations: Monument No. 2 Mine, Apache County, Arizona.

References: Dana 7th ed. (1951), v. 2, 1056. Dana 8th ed. (1997), 991. USGS Bull. 1064, p. 261-263.

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WarditeCaNa₄Al₁₂(PO₄)(OH)₁₈-6H₂O

Discription: Isostructual with cyrilovite. Wardite is found as coarse fibers, aggregates, or crusts of blue-green to colorless crystals. The aggregates are subparallel. Individual crystals can exceed one milimeter. Specific gravity is 2.87 to 2.81. Hardness is 5. Soluble in acid with difficulty.

Crystallography: Tetragonal. Space Group: P4₁2₁2₁. Class: 422. Wardite has a characteristic pyrimidal termination.

Location: Clay Canyon, Fairfield.

Named For and Discovered By:

Associated Minerals: Wardite is intematly associated with millisite. Both minerals are associated with the variscite and other minerals in the nodules from this location.

Other Locations: Ametrice Hill, Tooele County and Lucin, Box Elder County, Utah. Beryl Mountain, New Hampshire; Newry, Maine; Steward Mine, Pala, Sna Diego County, California; Keystone, South Dakota; Rapid Creek, Yukon, Canada. Also found in France, Brazil, and Australia.

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WeeksiteK₂(UO₂)₂(Si₂O₅)₃-4H₂O

Description: Also known as Gastunite. Weeksite occurs in small spherical of bright yellow radiating crystals. Hardness is 1.5 and specific gravity is 4.1. Luster is silky to waxy. Weeksite resembles wavellite in structure. The crystals show two good prismatic cleavages. It shows no fluoresces. Radioactive. Pleochroism: X=colorless, Y=pale yellow-green, Z=yellow-green

Crystallography: Orthorhombic Space Group: Pnnb. Class: 2/m 2/m 2/m. Pseudotetragonal. The crystals are elongated on the c-axis. Less often the crystals are more bladed.

Location: Autunite No. 8 claim, Thomas Range, Juab County. W 1/2 sec. 10, T. 13 S., R 11 W.

Named For and Discovered By: Named for Dr. Alice D. Weeks of the U.S.G.S. Who discovered and described many new uranium and van0adium minerals. She worked with Mary E. Thompson in the Colorado Plateaus during the 1950’s extensively.

Associated Minerals: Often the weeksite from the Autunite is coated with chalcedony (opal). It also occurs with fluorite, sanadine, and quartz.

Other Localities: In Utah it also was found at the Good Will Claim, (NW 1/4 sec. 36, T. 12 S., R. 12 W.) on the west side of the Thomas Range. Weeksite is also found at eight other locations;

1.Haiwee Reservoir, Coso Mountains, California.

2. Jakcpile Mine, Laguana, N.M.

3. Silver Cliff Mine, Lusk, Wyoming.

4. William’s Quarry, Easton Penn.

5. Red Rock District, Lassen County, California.

6. An abandoned mercury mine, Chihuahua, Mexico.

7. Mammoth Mine, Presidio, Texas.

8. Red Knob Claims, Muggins Mountain, Yuma County. Arizona.

References: Am Min., 45, 39-52 in 1960. Also in Am Min., 66, 610-625, (1981).

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Gold Hill Unnamed #1CuBi-Arsenate

Description: Yellow-green to brown-green square plates to 0.25mm. Clusters commonly coat surfaces and fills fractures.

Crystallography:

Location: Gold Hill Mine, Tooele County. It was first noticed at the 30’ level. Recently it has been found in the 150’ level.

Associated Minerals: It is found within the gossan at the 30’ level associated with conichalcite and Ca-rich mixite. At the 150’ level it is found with connellite, tyrolite, and azurite.

References: Min. Rec. 24, 21. (No. 1 Jan-Feb. 1993)

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Gold Hill unnamed #2Ca-Arsenate

Description: Unnamed #2 occurs as pale blue to white to colorless very small drusy coatings in fractures. It is a hydrated calcium arsenate. The hydrate is causing problems with analysis, which is why it is not described as yet.

Crystallography: X-ray patterns peak at 22.8, (10), 11.4 (5), 7.63 (1), 5.00 (1), 3.35 (2), 3.00 (2), and 2.50 (1) angstroms.

Location: Gold Hill Mine, Tooele County. Just inside the 80’ level in a drift to the right.

Associated Minerals: Found on chrysocolla.

References: Min. Rec. 24, 21. (No. 1 Jan-Feb. 1993)

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Thomas Range UnnamedCaU-Silicate

Description: It forms single, thin needles. It is always yellow.

Crystallography:

Location: Throughout the Thomas Range, Juab County.

Assocaited Minerals: This unnamed is assocaited with topaz, pseudobrookite, red beryl, and garnets in the rhyolite.

References:

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Centennial Eureda Mine Unnamed #1 (Dumpite) Hydrated Cu-Zn Arsenate

Description: Teal blue. Opaque. Termed "Dumpite" by collectors because of where it was discovered in some abundance.

Crystallography: Less than 1 mm, hemispheric aggregates micacious plates

Location: Centennial Eureka Mine, Eureka, Juab County.

Associated Minerals: Dugganite, cesbronite, quetzalcoatlite, xocomecatlite, jensonite, liesingite, mcalpineite, juabite, utahite, and frankhawthorneite in quartz. Also found with olivinite, malachite, azurite, barite, and other copper minerals.

References: Min. News. Vol. 13, No. 3, (1997), 13.